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While overall widespread and numerous, some reindeer species and subspecies are rare and three subspecies have already become extinct. [28] [29] As of 2015, the IUCN has classified the reindeer as Vulnerable due to an observed population decline of 40% over the last +25 years. [2] According to IUCN, Rangifer tarandus as a species is not endangered because of its overall large population and its widespread range. [2] Christmas Coffee Sweatshirt,Cute Christmas Sweatshirt,Christmas Sweater,Christmas Hot Chocolate,Happy New Year Vibes,Cozy Holiday Sweatshirt The reindeer has an important economic role for all circumpolar peoples, including the Sámi, the Swedes, the Norwegians, the Finns and the Northwestern Russians in Europe, the Nenets, the Khanty, the Evenks, the Yukaghirs, the Chukchi and the Koryaks in Asia and the Inuit in North America. It is believed that domestication started between the Bronze and Iron Ages. Siberian reindeer owners also use the reindeer to ride on (Siberian reindeer are larger than their Scandinavian relatives). For breeders, a single owner may own hundreds or even thousands of animals. The numbers of Russian and Scandinavian reindeer herders have been drastically reduced since 1990. The sale of fur and meat is an important source of income. Reindeer were introduced into Alaska near the end of the 19th century; they interbred with the native caribou subspecies there. Reindeer herders on the Seward Peninsula have experienced significant losses to their herds from animals (such as wolves) following the wild caribou during their migrations. [ citation needed]

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There is strong regional variation in Rangifer herd size. By 2013, many caribou herds in North America had "unusually low numbers" and their winter ranges in particular were smaller than they used to be. [200] Caribou numbers have fluctuated historically, but many herds are in decline across their range. [174] There are many factors contributing to the decline in numbers. [175] Boreal woodland caribou [ edit ] summers in the northern Yukon mountains and the coastal plains; winters in the boreal forests of Alaska and the Yukon DNA analysis indicates that reindeer were independently domesticated at least twice: in Fennoscandia and Western Russia (and possibly also Eastern Russia). [226] Reindeer have been herded for centuries by several Arctic and sub-Arctic peoples, including the Sámi, the Nenets and the Yakuts. They are raised for their meat, hides and antlers and, to a lesser extent, for milk and transportation. Reindeer are not considered fully domesticated, as they generally roam free on pasture grounds. In traditional nomadic herding, reindeer herders migrate with their herds between coastal and inland areas according to an annual migration route and herds are keenly tended. However, reindeer were not bred in captivity, though they were tamed for milking as well as for use as draught animals or beasts of burden. Millais (1915), [95] for example, shows a photograph (Plate LXXX) of an "Okhotsk Reindeer" saddled for riding (the rider standing behind it) beside an officer astride a steppe pony that is only slightly larger. Domestic reindeer are shorter-legged and heavier than their wild counterparts. [ citation needed] In Scandinavia, management of reindeer herds is primarily conducted through siida, a traditional Sámi form of cooperative association. [227] Boreal woodland caribou were designated as Threatened in 2002 by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, (COSEWIC). [34] Environment Canada reported in 2011 that there were approximately 34 000 boreal woodland caribou in 51 ranges remaining in Canada ( Environment Canada, 2011b). [35] "According to Geist, the "woodland caribou is highly endangered throughout its distribution right into Ontario." [7]

The Canadian 25-cent coin or " quarter" features a depiction of a caribou on one face. The caribou is the official provincial animal of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and appears on the coat of arms of Nunavut. A caribou statue was erected at the centre of the Beaumont-Hamel Newfoundland Memorial, marking the spot in France where hundreds of soldiers from Newfoundland were killed and wounded in World War I. There is a replica in Bowring Park in St. John's, Newfoundland's capital city. [243] Caribou are still hunted in Greenland and in North America. In the traditional lifestyles of some of Canada's Inuit peoples and northern First Nations peoples, Alaska Natives, and the Kalaallit of Greenland, caribou is an important source of food, clothing, shelter and tools. If you were a reindeer, you’d be Cupid, because your friend is looking fine tonight. Can you introduce me? the High Arctic islands of Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, Canada and western Greenland (except for the southwestern region)

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Reindeer herding has been vital for the subsistence of several Eurasian nomadic indigenous peoples living in the circumpolar Arctic zone such as the Sámi, Nenets, and Komi. [219] Reindeer are used to provide renewable sources and reliable transportation. In Mongolia, the Dukha are known as the reindeer people. They are credited as one of the world's earliest domesticators. The Dukha diet consists mainly of reindeer dairy products. [220] As an old-school almost remake of Tempest, Space Giraffe has players fly down a corridor level blasting enemies into the void, all the time avoiding being hit by an oncoming vessel. What better time to cheer up the entire world with the release of a new videogame. We at Llamasoft are dedicated to our ongoing mission to make the world a better place for everybody." Inuit artists from the Barrenlands incorporate depictions of caribou — and items made from caribou antlers and skin — in carvings, drawings, prints and sculpture. Keep an eye out for elves with ropes and a blindfold! Why? Cause I asked Santa for you this Christmas.

The shoulder height is usually 85 to 150cm (33 to 59in), and the tail is 14 to 20cm (5.5 to 7.9in) long.

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If you wake up in a box tomorrow morning, it’s cause I asked for the sexiest person in the world for Christmas. Humans started hunting reindeer in both the Mesolithic and Neolithic Periods, and humans are today the main predator in many areas. Norway and Greenland have unbroken traditions of hunting wild reindeer from the Last Glacial Period until the present day. In the non-forested mountains of central Norway, such as Jotunheimen, it is still possible to find remains of stone-built trapping pits, guiding fences and bow rests, built especially for hunting reindeer. These can, with some certainty, be dated to the Migration Period, although it is not unlikely that they have been in use since the Stone Age. Largest of the caribou, exceeding in measurements the largest specimens of Rangifer osborni and Rangifer montanus."Shapkin, A. (2017). "About phenotypic variability of taimyr tundra wild reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus)". Genetika i razvedenie životnyh[ Genetics and Breeding of Animals] (in Russian and English). 1: 22–30. Life in the tundra is hard, but reindeer have it easy-ish thanks to their amazing evolutionary enhancements. Their noses are specially adapted to warm the air they breathe before it enters their lungs and to condense water in the air, which keeps their mucous membranes moist. Their fur traps air, which not only helps provide them with excellent insulation, but also keeps them buoyant in water, which is important for traveling across massive rivers and lakes during migration. Among Baffin Island caribou the TFL2 allele was the most common allele (p=0.521), while this allele was absent, or present in very low frequencies, in other caribou populations (Table 1), including the Canadian barren-ground caribou from the Beverly herd. A large genetic difference between Baffin Island caribou and the Beverly herd was also indicated by eight alleles found in the Beverly herd which were absent from the Baffin Island samples. Stone's caribou ( R. t. stonei), [106] a large montane type, was described from the Kenai Peninsula (where, apparently, it was never common except in years of great abundance), [84] the eastern end of the Alaska Peninsula, and mountains throughout southern and eastern Alaska. [106] It was placed under R. arcticus as a subspecies, [84] R. t. stonei, and later synonymised as noted above. The same genetic analyses mentioned above for R. t. granti [105] resulted in resurrecting R. t. stonei as well. [9]